Nederlandse koopvaardijschepen in beeld (deel 14) - Tankvaart (2) - Buitenlandse eigenaren, Nederlandse vlag
The first part of "Tankvaart" (Dutch merchant ships in focus, part 4) was limited to the GHV tankers of the Royal Shell group and Dutch shipping companies with exclusively tankers in intercontinental "deep sea" tank shipping. This part focuses on foreign shipowners with tankers under the Dutch flag.
Over the years, the Dutch and Netherlands Antilles flags have frequently flown from ships owned by foreign companies. Even today, establishing a presence in the Netherlands or Curaçao apparently still offers such significant (including fiscal) advantages for many shipowners - particularly German, Scandinavian, Italian, and, for the past few years, Turkish - that a substantial part of our merchant fleet is effectively in foreign hands.
Among the first companies to recognize the importance of having foreign branches were the major American oil concerns, Standard Oil (Esso), Caltex, Cities Service, and Gulf Oil. Scandinavian shipowners - the first being Norness - the Belgian Petrofina, and even the Iranian state oil company also brought tankers under the Dutch flag, with management handled by firms such as Vereenigd Cargadoorskantoor, Vinke, and Van Ommeren.
Currently, the German shipowners Sloman-Neptun, Essberger and Jaegers (Chemgas), the Swedish shipowners Tarbit, Thun, Ahlmark and Broström, and the Italian De Poli, among others, operate tankers under the tricolor.
Following the reflagging of the Jo Tankers (Odfjell) fleet, the focus has shifted primarily to chemical, product, bitumen, and gas tankers in the category of up to approximately 8.000 tons deadweight, particularly active in European waters. The major oil companies have been operating exclusively tankers under cheap flags for many years.
Included are ships from Esso, Stanvac, Caltex/Chevron, Mafina, Norness, Nedgulf, Alesio, Odfjell, Essberger, Tarbit, Broström, Thun and many others.
Detalle del libro
| Autor: | Dick Gorter |
| Presentación: | 204 páginas, 22.5 x 24.5 x 1.7 cm, tapa dura |
| Ilustración: | ricamente ilustrado |
| Idioma: | Holandés |
| Editorial: | Uitgeverij de Alk B.V. (NL, 2013) |
| Colección: | Nederlandse koopvaardijschepen in beeld (14) |
| ISBN: | 9789060133385 |